Summary of Harmful Features

Here is a list of features in a car that generally contribute to electromagnetic field (EMF)
emissions, ranked by their potential impact:

Electric motor and inverter
(in electric and hybrid vehicles): The electric motor and inverter generate significant EMF emissions due to the high power involved in propulsion. These components are often the largest sources of EMF in modern electric (EV) and hybrid vehicles.

Battery and charging system: The high-voltage battery and associated charging system, including onboard chargers and external charging stations, emit EMF during charging and discharging cycles.

Entertainment system: The central entertainment system, which includes the touchscreen, radio, GPS, and other multimedia components, generates EMF through its various electronic circuits and wireless communication modules (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi).

Wireless communication modules: Components such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, cellular connectivity (4G/5G), and keyless entry systems emit EMF due to their continuous signal transmission and reception.

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system: The HVAC system, particularly in vehicles with electric compressors and heaters, can produce EMF emissions from motors and control electronics.

Adaptive cruise control and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS): These systems use radars, lidars, cameras, and other sensors that emit EMF to detect and respond to driving conditions.

Navigation system: GPS and associated systems contribute to EMF emissions, particularly through their communication with satellites and signal processing.

Heated seats/steering wheels and electric seat adjusters: The electric motors and heating elements in seats emit EMF, though generally at lower levels compared to other systems.

Lighting systems: Modern LED lighting systems and associated control electronics emit EMF, though at generally lower levels compared to propulsion and communication systems.

Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS): The TPMS uses RF communication to monitor and transmit tire pressure data, contributing to overall EMF emissions.

Remote start systems: These systems emit EMF when transmitting signals to start the vehicle remotely.

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